Vision measurement technology-based catenary geometric parameter measurement instrument and detection method

The invention discloses a vision measurement technology-based catenary geometric parameter measurement instrument and a detection method. The measurement instrument comprises a measurement trolley, wherein a baseline connected with the measurement trolley is horizontally arranged on the measurement trolley; a camera for acquiring the information of a catenary is arranged at each of the two ends of the baseline, and is connected with the baseline; a vertical rod connected with the measurement trolley is perpendicularly arranged on the measurement trolley; an angle-adjustable industrial computer for being communicated with the cameras is arranged at the top of the vertical rod. According to the measurement instrument and the detection method, the precision measurement instrument which can be used in field is developed based on a precision mechanical design in combination with the requirements of an industrial field environment by taking computer vision measurement as a core; massive data acquired in field is analyzed to construct a railway catenary state model to deeply and precisely measure the state of the catenary so as to form a driving safety early-warning system of a catenary system.