Electrical source transient electromagnetic exploration method in water-rich area of deep mining mine

The invention discloses an electrical source transient electromagnetic exploration method in a water-rich area of a deep mining mine. The electrical source transient electromagnetic exploration method in the water-rich area of the deep mining mine comprises the first step that coordinates where a current electrode A and a current electrode B of the electrical source are placed are determined on the ground, and the current electrode A and the current electrode B are placed at the corresponding positions and are connected through a wire; the second step that quartz clock synchronization is carried out on a transmitter and a receiver; the third step that the transmitter is fixed to the ground, and the receiver is carried to descend the mine and reach an appointed position; the fourth step that the transmitter on the ground starts to work and supplies double-pole type rectangular current waves to the underground through an electric generator and the transmitter; the fifth step that the receiver and a receiving magnetic probe are connected under the mine, and meanwhile double-path receiving is carried out to collect gradient magnetic field quantity; the sixth step that all the exploration is completed by walking along a roadway needing to be explored; the seventh step that the position of the roadway on the ground and the position of the roadway relative to a transmitting electrode are recorded; the tenth step that an optimal surface model is obtained according to the parameters, and the water-rich area or a water-insufficient area is judged according to the surface model.