Data collecting and reading method and device

The invention provides a data collecting and reading method and device. The data collecting and reading method includes collecting detection data at collecting time points through a data collecting module; if the collected detection data are valid data, writing the detection data in a preset data file, namely writing in the detection data from preset data bits corresponding to the collecting time points in the step of collecting, wherein each data bit of the data file is initialized to be a preset value, each collecting time point corresponds to multiple preset data bits in the data file. By the data collecting and reading method and device, the problem that collecting time points of invalid data cannot be recognized quickly and accurately in the prior art is solved without adding extra event files to record incorrect collecting time points and without adding data files.