Rail layer low-position jacking and rapid transversely-moving span changing device and method

The invention relates to the technical field of railway laying engineering machinery, in particular to a rail layer low-position jacking and rapid transversely-moving span changing device and method. The device comprises a rail layer, a guide column type upper beam, guide sleeves, a supporting leg frame, positioning and force-bearing hinge pins, walking beams, transversely-moving wheels, a lead screw nut driving device and a temporary transversely-moving rail. The guide sleeves are arranged at the two ends of the guide column type upper beam respectively in a sleeved mode. The positioning and force-bearing hinge pins are arranged between the guide sleeves and a guide column of the guide column type upper beam. The lead screw nut driving device is connected with the guide column type upper beam and the supporting leg frame. The two ends of each walking beam at the lower portion of the device are respectively provided with a walking beam lengthening section. The transversely-moving wheels are arranged below the