Vector quantization codebook generating method based on M codon splitting

The invention discloses a vector quantization codebook generating method based on M codon splitting. According to the vector quantization codebook generating method, at the codebook initialization phase before iteration of each time, according to the size of a target codebook, the number of split codes is selected to be 2 or 4 or 5 in a self-adaption mode. When one codon is split into 4 or 5 codons, the incremental portions of two pairs of codons have the orthogonal property. When one codon is split into five codons, the original codon will be reserved in new codons. Before the last codon splitting is carried out, if the number of the new codons needing generating is not sufficient, multiple codons in the codebook are selected to receive codon compensation with the method of bisection, so that the overall number of the codons obtained in the last splitting reaches the size of the target codebook. Under the condition that the codebook quantification performance is not changed, the codebook generating time is s