Method for preparation of active silicon adsorption material by use of coal based solid waste as raw material

The invention relates to a method for preparation of an active silicon adsorption material by use of fly ash or coal gangue and other coal based solid waste as a raw material, the method adopts the following steps: (1) taking polyacrylonitrile (PAN) for fully dissolving in N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF); (2) taking silica nanoparticles prepared by use of the fly ash or the coal gangue for dissolving in the PAN / DMF solution, fully stirring, mixing; (3) using an aluminum foil as a receiver for spinning with a high voltage power; (4) removing organics in a fiber membrane by burning to obtain a silica fiber; and (5) reducing by magnesiothermy the obtained silica fiber, and then using dilute hydrochloric acid for immersion cleaning to prepare the active silicon adsorption material. The preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of low raw material cost, simple process, low production cost, and good active silicon adsorption performances and is suitable for industrialized production.