Integrated device for cleaning inner and outer walls of drilling rod and method

The invention discloses an integrated device for cleaning inner and outer walls of a drilling rod and a method. A reducer motor can rotate forwardly and reversely to drive a slide trolley to advance and back; the drilling rod in an isolation chamber is driven by a friction wheel to rotate; the friction wheel is separated from and combined with the drilling rod by controlling a hydraulic cylinder to extend and contract; an inner wall cleaning device comprises a water blast gun supported by a centring location mechanism; and a high-pressure sprayer of an outer wall cleaning device and a slide block make traverse reciprocating motion on a guide rail of a side wall of the isolation chamber to clean the outer wall of the drilling rod. The device can clean the inner and outer walls of the petroleum drilling rod at the same station and the same time, so that the cleaning efficiency is improved greatly, and the cleaning effect is ensured. The device separately realizes axial motion and rotary motion of the drilling r