Method for labelling a product using a plurality of polynucleotides, method for identifying the labelling and labelled product

The present invention relates to a method for labelling a product, to a method for identifying the labelling and to a product labelled by means of the method of the invention. The labelling used in the present invention is based on single-stranded nucleic acids. The labelling method of the present invention comprises a step of addition of a plurality of single-stranded polynucleotides onto or into said product, said plurality of polynucleotides comprising: at least one target polynucleotide comprising a single-stranded polynucleotide of predetermined length and sequence, and decoy polynucleotides which have identical or different predetermined lengths and identical or different predetermined sequences, said decoy polynucleotides having a length or lengths identical to or different from and sequences different from the sequence of said, at least one, target polynucleotide, in which each of the target polynucleotide(s) and decoy polynucleotides does not hybridize with any of the other polynucleotides of said pl