Subaqueous target wake detection system and method based on laser wave front change

The invention discloses a detection system of a dynamic target trail in water based on laser wavefront change and a method thereof. The detection system comprises a laser, a Hartmann wavefront sensor and a signal processing system. The method comprises the following steps: the detection system is placed in the water; the laser is used for generating Gaussian beams; the Hartmann wavefront sensor is used for receiving and detecting the wavefront information of laser beams after passing through a water area to be detected; and the signal processing system is used for processing the wavefront information on a real-time basis and outputting wavefront distortion magnitude to detect the dynamic target trail in the water. The detection process comprises the following steps: measuring the wavefront distortion magnitude of the laser beams for more times under laboratory conditions and giving a judging criterion on the existence of the target trail; and measuring the wavefront distortion magnitude of the laser beams in