Ion exchange fiber material one-step preparation method

The invention relates to a method for preparing ion exchange fiber materials. The method takes fibers such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl alcohol which still have good stability and integrity in an extreme environment as a substrate, prepares the strong-acid and weak-acid bifunctional ion exchange fiber materials by pre-irradiation grafting, and provides products with more superior performance for application (such as purification of strong acid reagent and strong alkali reagent) of the ion exchange fiber materials under harsh conditions. The static adsorption capacity of the products can be controlled to be between 3.0 and 4.98 mmol/g, wherein the static adsorption capacity of strong acid parts is between 1.85 and 2.57 mmol/g. The method has high pre-irradiation grafting efficiency, avoids huge waste of monomers in mutual irradiation, can make the grafting ratio realize controllable operation, avoid utilization of strong corrosive materials such as concentrated sul