Method for detecting hardened layer shape and hardness distribution condition of heavy rail end head

The invention relates to a method for detecting the shape of a heavy rail tip hardening layer and the distribution situation of hardness. The invention aims at solving the existing problems of complex operation and long consuming time. The method includes the steps as follows: the heavy rail tip specimen is polished to the surface roughness not more than 1.6mum; the specimen is put into 5% of nital to clean for 12-14 seconds; then the specimen is taken out and put into water containing soda at the temperature of 50 to 70 DEG C, so as to be washed until the surface is clean; and then the surface of the specimen is blow-dried from above down by hot blast for 10-15 seconds while the specimen leans for 60-90 degrees; a stereoscope and a surface source halogen lamp are used for obtaining the image of the heavy rail tip specimen; and the image is processed by a computer. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, high accuracy and detection period of only one hour, shortens the heavy rail heat treatment