Procédé pour la pyrolyse d'esters ricinoléiques

Heptanal and undecylenic acid or esters thereof are prepared by pyrolysis of ricinoleic esters or mixtures of such esters, the ricinoleic esters being brought into contact with an inert body, stable and solid or liquid at the reaction temperature, heated to between 400 DEG and 650 DEG C., and at suc...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Hauptverfasser:	KOSTELITZ,OSCAR, GENAS,MICHEL, PAUL-FRANCKARLES GREGORY,MM
Format:	Patent
Sprache:	fre
Schlagworte:	ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES APPARATUS THEREFOR CANDLES CHEMISTRY DETERGENTS ELECTROFORMING ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS,OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM METALLURGY ORGANIC CHEMISTRY PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTIONOF COATINGS
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Heptanal and undecylenic acid or esters thereof are prepared by pyrolysis of ricinoleic esters or mixtures of such esters, the ricinoleic esters being brought into contact with an inert body, stable and solid or liquid at the reaction temperature, heated to between 400 DEG and 650 DEG C., and at such a rate that the said esters vaporize as fast as they arrive in contact with the heated body, the vaporized reaction products being removed from the reaction zone as soon as they are formed and rapidly condensed. The preferred ricinoleic esters are those formed from monohydric alcohols having less than 6 carbon atoms; the ricinoleic esters may be used in the form of esters of the mixed acids from castor such as the alcoholysis products of castor oil with lower aliphatic alcohols. These esters yield heptanal and undecylenic esters on pyrolysis; castor oil itself may be used whereupon heptanal and undecylenic acid are formed together with some glycerol undecylenate from which more undecylenic acid may be recovered. The pyrolysis may be effected on heated metal surfaces such as steel, cast iron and other metals or alloys whose melting-points exceed 650 DEG C., as well as metals and alloys fusible below 650 DEG C., molten salts and refractories such as quartz. Suitable types of apparatus are described. In examples employing apparatus comprising a quartz tube closed at its lower end and placed vertically in an electric furnace and having an inlet tube and pyrometer contacting the upper surface of a contact body and an outlet tube connected to a condenser, the mixed methyl esters obtained by alcoholysis of castor oil with methanol are pyrolysed using (1) molten lead as contact material in the tube at 550-560 DEG C.; and (2) quartz sand at 480-500 DEG C., and the mixed ethyl esters obtained by alcoholysis of castor oil are pyrolysed using stainless steel as contact body at 550-570 DEG C.; in each case the condensed products are distilled to recover heptanal and methyl or ethyl undecylenate and the residue is recycled.