PROCEDURE FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF HEAVY AND EXTRA-HEAVY CRUDES

The present invention relates to a procedure that uses a homogeneous type catalyst for the improvement of heavy and extra-heavy crudes, which consists of the following stages: 1. separation and removal of the water fraction that is contained in the hydrocarbons, 2. A catalyst injection and the activation of the reaction system, 3. Elimination of gaseous hydrocarbons and recovery of the partial pressure of hydrogen at different times, 4. reaction and 5. Recovery of distillated products. This procedure affords the improvement of both physical and chemical properties of heavy oils, thus increasing their APl gravity, while decreasing its kinematic viscosity, as well as changing the fraction composition (SARA), thus increasing the proportion of saturated and aromatic fractions, while and decreasing the resins and Asphaltenes contents, in such a way that the hydrotreated crude oil becomes much lighter. Likewise, the sulfur and nitrogen content is reduced, which overall results in a greater yield of distillates, with higher commercial value, while the coal produced during the reaction is less than 1 wt. %.