METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MULTI-VESSEL RENAL NEUROMODULATION

Methods and apparatus are provided for multi-vessel neurornodulation, e.g ., via a pulsed electric field. Such multi-vessel neurornodulation may effec tuate irreversible electroporation or electrofusion, necrosis and/or inducem ent of apoptosis, alteration of gene expression, action potential attenuatio n or blockade, changes in cytokine up- regulation and other conditions in ta rget neural fibers. In some embodiments, the multi-vessel neuromodulation is applied to neural fibers that contribute to renal function. Such multi-vess el neuromodulation optionally may be performed bilaterally.