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A video recording apparatus compresses video data so that a bit rate converges to a target bit rate while keeping a minimum image quality and records the compressed video data. The video recording apparatus (exemplified by a recording and reproducing apparatus (10)) comprises a compressing means (exemplified by a transcoder (13)) which compresses the video data while executing a rate control including a change of a quantization step so that a bit rate in a predetermined period converges to a target bit rate; a recording means which records the compressed data in a recording medium; and a total rate calculation means that calculates a total bit rate of a result of compression of the video data by the compressing means from the start of the compression to the present time. The compressing means comprises a quantization step limiting means which limits the changed quantization step to a predetermined upper limit lower than an upper limit changeable in the compressing means, and a quantization step fixing means which fixes the quantization step to the predetermined upper limit when the calculated total bit rate exceeds the target bit rate.