LIGHTNING POSITIONING OPTIMIZATION METHOD AND SYSTEM BY CORRECTING IMPACTS OF TERRAIN AND GEOLOGICAL PARAMETER ON PROPAGATION OF LIGHTNING ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE, AND MEDIUM

The present disclosure provides a lightning positioning optimization method and system by correcting impacts of a terrain and a geological parameter on propagation of a lightning electromagnetic wave, and a medium. The method meshes a surrounding region of a lightning detection station participating in lightning positioning, and uses a ground and ionospheric electromagnetic wave propagation model to perform simulation calculation to obtain a delay correction value and a parameter correction coefficient of a waveform of a lightning electromagnetic wave propagating from an initial lightning location to the lightning detection station without considering a terrain and a geological parameter when each grid point is used as the initial lightning location. When a closest grid point is separately found as a lightning strike point in a delay correction table and a parameter correction coefficient table that are corresponding to the lightning detection station participating in the lightning positioning, based on a delay correction value and a parameter correction coefficient that are corresponding to each lightning detection station, each participating lightning detection station is corrected separately to obtain corrected waveform arrival time and characteristic parameter that are corresponding to the lightning detection station. Then an accurate lightning location and an accurate lightning characteristic parameter are calculated. FIGURE Establish a ground and ionospheric electromagnetic wave propagation model, and obtain a delay correction value and a parameter correction coefficient for propagation of a lightning electromagnetic wave from an initial lightning location to a lightning detection station Mesh a target region of a lightning detection station participating in lightning positioning, calculate a delay correction value and a parameter correction coefficient of each grid point in a corresponding region of each lightning detection station, and create a corresponding delay correction table and a parameter correction coefficient table as an information index Calculate initial lightning occurrence time, an initial lightning location, and an initial lightning characteristic parameter by using an existing lightning positioning method Find a grid point closest to the initial lightning location on an equidistant circle corresponding to each lightning detection station, and determine a corresponding delay correction value and parameter correction coefficient of ea