Method for establishing feature point mapping model of tower body damage states of tower crane and method for quickly distinguishing damage

Provided are a method for establishing a feature point mapping model of tower body damage states of a tower crane and a method for quickly distinguishing damage. The method for establishing a feature point mapping model of tower body damage states of a tower crane includes: constructing tower crane structures in combined states of different damage positions of a tower body, and collecting data sets of the spatial position of the top end of the tower body when a rotating arm of the tower crane rotates by one circle in each damage state under the working condition of a constant load. Performing Nh-power sum function fitting on spatial position data, and extracting feature vector sets of the amplitude, frequency, phase, and the like of a sine function obtained by the fitting. Feature vector sets of the first 3 functions with the minimum fitting error in each damage state in the directions of the x axis and they axis are respectively taken as vertices of a triangle to construct a feature plane set, and a feature plane in an intact state is taken as a reference plane to calculate included angles between other planes and the reference plane in the directions of two coordinate axes, and the values of the included angles are used for constructing a point cloud map of each state in a two-dimensional plane, which is taken as a damage state evaluation basis.