Nasal hygiene compositions, antimicrobial treatments, devices, and articles for delivery of same to the nose, trachea and main bronchi

Salt-based non-therapeutic hygienic formulations or compositions or therapeutic formulations or compositions, for example those rich in calcium, are effective against airborne pathogens and toxins, suppressing shedding, for instance by increasing a surface viscoealasticity of airway lining fluid. Associated apparatus, methods and articles are used to deliver salt-based non-therapeutic hygienic formulations or compositions as hygienic treatments to the upper respiratory tract. Associated apparatus, methods and articles are used to deliver salt-based therapeutic antimicrobial formulations or compositions to the upper respiratory tract. For example, nasal delivery of calcium-rich salines with aerosol droplet size of around 10 μm (e.g., 7 μm -15 μm, or more preferably 9 μm - 10 μm) may advantageously limit distribution to the nose and upper airways of the respiratory tract, suppressing bioaerosol generation. A nebulizer may deliver the aerosol into free space, or into a partially enclosed volume, and the composition naturally inspired by one or more subjects.