Method and mechanism for operating movable and retractable top cover of convertible railway freight compartment

A method and mechanism for operating a movable and retractable top cover of a convertible railway freight compartment (3). According to the operating method, the movable and retractable top cover is configured to be a structure comprising two halves: a first movable and retractable top cover (1) and a second movable and retractable top cover (2). The convertible compartment (3) is further provided with a belt type transmission mechanism (4), one end of the first movable and retractable top cover (1) is connected to one side of a transmission belt (5) in the belt type transmission mechanism (4), and is provided with a first protruding portion (6). One end of the second movable and retractable top cover (2) is connected to the other side of the transmission belt (5) in the belt type transmission mechanism (4) and is provided with a second protruding portion (7). A moving direction of one side of the transmission belt (5) is opposite to a moving direction of the other side of the transmission belt (5), and a first stopping block device (8) and a second stopping block device (9) are provided on the ground. When the convertible compartment (3) moves, the first stopping block device (8) is in contact with the first protruding portion (6), or the second stopping block device (9) is in contact with the second protruding portion (7), such that the first movable and retractable folding top cover (1) and the second movable and retractable top cover (2) are opened or closed. The operating method and mechanism reduce installation costs and difficulties in implementation of a movable top cover.