Aqueous alkyd dispersions with improved application performances in terms of resistance to blocking and yellowing, hardness development and shine

The present invention concerns an aqueous alkyd resin dispersion, that comprises a) a short oil alkyd resin that comprises, in the fatty acid component a 1) of same, at least one polyunsaturated fatty monoacid a 11) having at least two unsaturations per molecule and comprising at least 35% by weight of a monoacid a 111) having conjugated unsaturations, the weight ratio of said fatty monoacid a 111) relative to said alkyd resin being at least 5%, preferably between 5 and 40% and more preferably between 5 and 35% and b) at least one anionic phosphate surfactant. The invention also covers a method for preparing same and the use thereof in decorative coatings. The coatings made from these aqueous dispersions have improved performances in terms of resistance to blocking and yellowing, hardness development and shine.