High molecular weight electrodialysis

A charged first molecular species is separated from a second molecular species by selectively passing one of the species through a separation membrane under the influence of an electrical potential. The separated species is maintained within a dialysate stream by retention membrane (or an electrode surface) adjacent the separation membrane. In a first embodiment, the charged species migrates across the separation membrane under the influence of the electric field, while a neutral or oppositely-charged species is maintained within the aqueous media. In the second embodiment, the charged species is maintained with the load channel, while a neutral species is passed into the dialysate chamber under the influence of a differential pressure.