Ghrelin level is associated with other biochemical parameters in obese diabetic patients

Aims : When T2DM associated with obesity they form a very harmful combination that exacerbates the consequences of each other leading to various disorders. The present study aims to assess the ghrelin hormone level in obese diabetic patients and to find out a possible relationship between ghrelin level with different parameters including lipid profile, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin resistance (IR) parameters calculated from Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), HOMA insulin sensitivity (HOMA2- % S), and HOMA beta cells function (HOMA2- % B). Methods : Sixty obese T2DM patients with were participated in the study. Lipid profile parameters and blood sugar were measured spectrophotometrically. Ghrelin and insulin measurements were carried out using ELISA technique. HbA1c were measured by ion-exchange chromatography. Insulin resistance parameters were calculated using HOMA2-Calculator software Results : The results showed that obese diabetic patients have a poor glycemic control and more than half of obese diabetic patients were insulin resistant (IR) according to (HOMA2- IR ≥ 3). Typical dyslipidemia are present in obese diabetic patients indicating higher risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Mean ghrelin level is low in diabetic obese patients and non-IR patients have moderately higher ghrelin level than IR patients. Insulin sensitivity (HOMA2- % S) and beta-cell function (HOMA2- % B) indicators are lower in diabetic patients than control group. In obese diabetic patients, ghrelin level is negatively correlated with BMI, cholesterol, HbA1c, atherogenic ratios, and HOMA2- % S. Ghrelin level is positively correlated with HDL-C and HOMA2-IR. Conclusions : Low ghrelin level is associated with poor diabetes control and bad prognosis parameters in obese diabetic patients.