Evaluation of Anti-GAD, IAA presence and measurement of C- peptide level in T2DM Patients, 60 and above 60 years old in Nasiriyah city-south of Iraq

Background: The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of positive autoantibodies (Anti-GAD, IAA) among (T2DM) as T1DM especially in elderly DM patients in a sample of the Iraqi population, and to compare some metabolic and inflammatory markers to those of patients having negative autoantibodies. Methods. 65 Patients with T2DM and 21 control participants 60 or older than 60 years were enrolled in this study. Antiglutamic acid decarboxylase GAD, and insulin autoantibody IAA, and C peptide, were evaluated by ELISA. Fasting blood sugar, Random blood sugar, BMI, cholesterol concentration, triglyceride concentration systolic and diastolic blood pressure were assessed, in addition to considering demographic characteristics. Results. 3% of patients with T2DM had both anti-GAD and anti-IAA autoantibodies, 10(15%) and 7(10.8%) of the patient were positive for two antibodies respectively, however, none of healthy control group have one of them. The mean duration of initiation insulin up taking by bearing autoantibody group, was (60±38.7 months) and in -ve antibody, group was (48 ±53 months) but these differences were not significant (P=0.56). there are no significant differences in the median age (P =0.80), BMI (p=0.4218), main cholesterol concentration. (p=0.57) and C peptide (p=0.091) between +ve and -ve autoantibody bearing T2DM. +ve patients had lower body mass index (p=0.014) than those in -ve autoantibodies cases. Conclusion. Prevalence of having positive autoantibodies within Iraqi T2DM patients 60 and over 60 years old was 3%. They shared common clinical and metabolic features with subjects with non antiGAD, and IAA autoantibody bearing subjects.