Next generation science policy and Grand Challenges

Science and public policy are co-evolving. The unpredictability of scientific progress and the struggles for legitimacy of public policies are driving forces of this evolution. In this chapter we elaborate on this diagnosis in four steps: (1) the rise of a ‘next generation’ of science policy will be addressed; (2) ongoing changes with new actor constellations and modes of operation will be sketched; (3) the case of science policy addressing ‘Grand Societal Challenges’ will be introduced as a prominent contemporaneous example, fostering system transformation in science and science policy; and (4) modes of governance will be sketched, helping to cope in constructive and productive ways with the uncertainties of system transformation: meta-governance and tentative governance; concertation and assemblage; capability and capacity building.