Carbon emissions and economic growth in Africa: Are they related?

The study the ARDL model, Mean Group (MG), and the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) model to examine the Environemtnal Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis in 43 African countries pooled into 3 income groups from 1980-2016. The EKC hypothesis is accepted in only 21% of the sample but rejected in 70% of the countries in the total sample. This result shows that carbon emissions increase as economic growth increases in 79% of the countries while economic growth will lead to lower carbon emissions in only a few countries (21%). The study concludes that an increase in economic growth will induce higher emissions in most countries in Africa. These countries should take all possible policy actions such as the massive deployment of renewable energy, carbon tax policy, and the carbon emissions trading scheme to curtain growth in carbon emission.