Dual Automated Method for Sequential Detection of Anemia and/or Hemoglobin S

The problem of screening large civilian and military populations for sickle cell hemoglobin has been recently approached by three distinct methods. An evaluation is attempted to determine the optimal technique. The first method to be discussed requires hemoglobin electrophoresis as the initial screening technique, followed by a solubility (dithionite) test when an 'S band,' a nonspecific finding result, is noted. The second method requires the use of the automated dithionite test, followed, when positive, by hemoglobin electrophoresis. Several advantages are derived from the use of this sequence of tests. Also, the test has a molecular basis for specificity and the benefits of automation recommend this system for general use, especially in military populations. The third method is a dual automated method for detecting anemia and/or hemoglobin S. The initial mass screening technique involves the use of the automated dithionite test and an automated hemoglobin determination. Any specimens found to be positive by the dithionite test are studied additionally by hemoglobin electrophoresis. When such a broad spectrum of diagnostic techniques is school-centered, in effect, entire civilian populations may be screened both for hemoglobin S and anemias at remarkably low cost. (Modified author abstract)