A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SCHEDULES FOR STANDING WATCHES ABOARD SUBMARINES BASED ON BODY TEMPERATURE CYCLES

A new watch schedule was proposed for use on naval vessels at sea. This schedule requires three watches of 3-, 3- and 2-hour durations by each section of the crew, and provides a continuous period off duty of 10 to 12 hours. This schedule was compared with the present system of four-hour watches separated by eight hours off duty (4 on - 8 off schedule). Comparisons were made during two short cruises and during two long simulated war patrols. The rapidity with which the men adapted to the schedules was determined by means of oral temperature cycles, which also afford an indication of the alertness and efficiency of men on watch. On the basis of the body temperature studies, the proposed schedule was found to be a definite improvement over the present one. Subjective reactions to the proposed schedule were obtained from the men, and suggestions for overcoming the chief sources of complaint are made.