Social differences in the prevalence of road traffic injuries among pedestrians, and vehicle and motorcycle users in Iran: Results of a national multiple indicator demographic and health survey (IrMIDHS, 2010)

Background: Traffic injuries are considered as the most important health issues for different countries in the world, especially developing countries that are experiencing rapid social changes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of road traffic injuries (RTIs) and its socioeconomic differences among road users in Iran as it is one of the countries with high rates of accidents in the world. The study population included all people in Iran. The target sample was 3,096 clusters consisting of 2,187 urban and 909 rural households. Methods: Source of the raw data was the Iran's Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey (IrMIDHS) 2010, which is a multi-stage stratified cluster-random cross-sectional study. The logistic regression has been performed for investigating the socioeconomic determinants which influence the RTIs among pedestrian, vehicle, and motorcycle users. Results: The prevalence of RTIs is 13.8 (95% CI: 13.1, 14.5) per 1,000 people in the year leading up to the study. The injured groups included pedestrians (14.37%), vehicles (38.36%), motorcyclists (43.37%), and 3.9% of users injured with other vehicles. A total of 78.3% of the injured people underwent outpatient treatment or were hospitalized. The mean age in these three groups was significantly increased (27.9, 32.5, 33.4, respectively), and the proportion of men decreased (89.2, 75.2, and 60.6). Conclusions: RTIs in Iran are higher than previous estimates due to consideration of non-hospitalized cases. Considering the high contribution of human factors in developing countries, these measures should prioritize vulnerable groups.