In Vitro and In Silico Anthelmintic Activity of Extracts of Lannea kerstingii and Ficus thonningii on Heligmosomoides polygyrus

The aim of this study was to assess the anthelmintic activity of and , on a nematode model, to promote their use in the Cameroonian pharmacopoeia for the treatment of helminthiases. One nematode was used, . First, the effect of the extracts on the eggs and larval stages (L1, L2, and L3) of was evaluated, 100 L of extract and 100 L of parasite suspension (containing 50 eggs) were mixed in a 96-well microplate. The 96-well microplate was incubated for 20 h at 25°C in the WMicroTracker which measures the motility of the worms at various concentrations. Finally, docking studies were conducted by using the Glide module in Schrodinger Maestro. The ethanolic extract of with the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC ) of 0.1371 mg/mL produced a higher ovicidal effect than the effect produced by other extracts of these plants. However, with an IC of 0.31 mg/mL, the aqueous extract of showed the greatest effect on the L2 stage. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of and inhibited the development of the L3 larvae of with a better effect for the ethanolic extracts. The use of and for the treatment of helminthiasis has been proved in vitro and in silico by this research. However, more research is required, especially on the acute toxicity and in vivo anthelmintic efficacy to validate this scientific investigation.