Design and Optimization of MoS2@rGO@NiFeS Nanocomposites for Hybrid Supercapattery Performance and Sensitive Electrochemical Detection

Metal sulfide-based composites have become increasingly common as materials used for electrodes in supercapacitors because of their excellent conductivity, electrochemical activity, and redox capacity. This study synthesized a composite of NiFeS@MoS2@rGO nanostructure using a simple hydrothermal approach. The synthesized nanocomposite consisted of the composite of nickel sulfide and iron sulfide doped with MoS2@rGO. A three-electrode cell is employed to investigate the electrochemical properties of the NiFeS@MoS2@rGO electrode. The results demonstrated an optimal specific capacitance of 3188 F/g at 1.4 A/g in a 1 M KOH electrolyte. Furthermore, a supercapattery is designed utilizing NiFeS@MoS2@rGO//AC as the positive electrode and activated carbon (AC) as the negative electrode materials. The resulting supercapattery is designed at a cell voltage of 1.6 V, achieving a specific capacity value of 189 C/g at 1.4 A/g. It also demonstrated an excellent energy density of 55 Wh/kg with an enhanced power density of 3800 W/kg. Furthermore, the hybrid device demonstrated remarkable stability with a cycling stability of 95% over 30,000 charge–discharge cycles at a current density of 1.4 A/g. The supercapattery, which has excellent energy storage capabilities, is used as a power source for operating different portable electronic devices.