Pelvic spine reduction affects diet but not gill raker morphology in two polymorphic brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) populations

Pelvic spine polymorphism occurs in several species in the stickleback family (Gasterosteidae). Given the similar phenotypic polymorphisms in multiple stickleback species, we sought to determine the extent of parallelism in the ecological correlates of pelvic spine reduction. Based on a metabarcodin...

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Veröffentlicht in:Ecology and Evolution 2023-09, Vol.13 (9), p.e10526-n/a
Hauptverfasser: Mee, Jonathan A., Yap, Emily, Wuitchik, Daniel M.
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Pelvic spine polymorphism occurs in several species in the stickleback family (Gasterosteidae). Given the similar phenotypic polymorphisms in multiple stickleback species, we sought to determine the extent of parallelism in the ecological correlates of pelvic spine reduction. Based on a metabarcoding analysis of brook stickleback gut contents in two polymorphic populations, we found that significant diet differences were associated with pelvic spine reduction, but we found no clear or consistent trend supporting a tendency for benthic feeding in pelvic‐reduced brook sticklebacks. These results contrast with those found in threespine sticklebacks where pelvic spine reduction is often associated with a benthic diet. Hence, we found non‐parallel consequences of spine polymorphism across species. Furthermore, a difference in gill raker morphology has been frequently observed between ecomorphs with different diets in many fish species. However, we found no evidence of any difference in gill raker morphology associated with pelvic spine polymorphism in brook sticklebacks. The extent of parallelism might generally be lower in between‐species versus between‐population comparisons. In two populations of brook sticklebacks, we found that diet differences were associated with pelvic spine reduction, but we found no evidence of any difference in gill raker morphology associated with pelvic spine reduction. This is in contrast with the diet and gill raker differences associated with pelvic spine reduction in threespine sticklebacks.
ISSN:2045-7758
2045-7758
DOI:10.1002/ece3.10526