The Effect of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Bacillus subtilis IB-22 on the Hydraulic Conductivity and Abundance of PIP2 Aquaporins in the Roots of an Abscisic Acid-Deficient Barley Mutant

Little information is available on how rhizosphere bacteria affect abscisic acid (ABA) levels in plants and whether these bacterial effects are associated with improved plant water status. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the stimulation of plant growth may be associated with the ability of ABA to increase the hydraulic conductivity of roots through the up-regulation of aquaporin. To do this, we studied the effect of bacteria capable of producing ABA on a barley mutant deficient in this hormone. Measurements of hydraulic conductivity of the ABA-deficient barley mutant Az34 showed that its tissues exhibited a reduced ability to conduct water, which correlated with lower ABA content in plants. The inoculation of IB-22 stimulated the growth of both the mutant and its parent variety. Also, under the influence of bacteria, the ABA content in plants increased, and the increase was more significant in the mutant. This effect was accompanied by an increase in hydraulic conductivity in the roots of the ABA-deficient mutant, and immunolocalization using antibodies against PIP2;1 and PIP2;2 aquaporins revealed an increase in their abundance. Thus, the results obtained support the hypothesis about the importance of a sufficiently high ABA content in plants to maintain the abundance of aquaporins, hydraulic conductivity and the growth of barley plants.