The value of plasma pro-enkephalin and adrenomedullin for the prediction of sepsis-associated acute kidney injury in critically ill patients

According to the 2013 KDIGO standard, patients were divided into one of the cohorts and staged based on the worst serum creatinine and/or the lowest urine output [5]. The receiver operating characteristic analysis for the assessment of the diagnostic accuracy of pro-enkephalin and adrenomedullin in the prediction of AKI in septic patients showed significant predictive value for both biomarkers, with area under curve (AUC) of 0.884 (95% CI, 0.738–0.965) and 0.731 (95% CI, 0.560–0.863), respectively (Fig. 1). The limitations of our study include the limited sample size as well as the certain biomarkers, such as NGAL, KIM-1, and IL-18, lacking the detection data of urine specimens which may differ from the diagnostic accuracy of blood specimens.