Advances in the Understanding of the Pathogenesis of Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer

ABSTRACT Background Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by high aggressiveness, high malignancy, and poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes. Objective This review aims to explore recent advances in understanding TNBC and to provide new insights and potential references for clinical treatment. Methods We examined current literature on TNBC to analyze molecular subtypes, genetic mutations, signaling pathways, mechanisms of drug resistance, and emerging therapies. Results Findings highlight key aspects of TNBC's molecular subtypes, relevant mutations, and pathways, alongside emerging treatments that target drug resistance mechanisms. Conclusion These insights into TNBC pathogenesis may help guide future therapeutic strategies and improve clinical outcomes for patients with TNBC.