Autoeficacia y consumo de alcohol en mujeres adolescentes

Adolescence is a stage in life where important changes occur at the physiological, psychological and social level, which are linked to the acquisition of risk behavior or protection. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and alcohol consumption in adolescent women, through a descriptive correlational study in 276 adolescent high school students. The results identified that 57.6% of adolescents have consumed alcohol at some time during their lives, beginning their consumption approximately at 14.36 years. The benefits of self-efficacy stood out, highlighting that adolescents consider that they can solve difficult problems if they try hard enough and persist in what they have proposed until they reach their goals thanks to their qualities, as well as being able to overcome unforeseen situations. A negative and significant relationship of general self-efficacy and alcohol consumption was identified according to the AUDIT (rs = -0.387, p = 0.001). The results show the extent of alcohol consumption in adolescents, as well as the relationship of self-efficacy and alcohol consumption, demonstrating that to a higher self-efficacy, corresponds lower alcohol consumption in adolescents. These results will serve as a basis to intervene with scientific bases in strategies aimed at modifying risk behaviors in adolescents. La adolescencia es una etapa de la vida donde se producen cambios importantes a nivel fisiológico, psicológico y social, que se vinculan con la adquisición de conductas de riesgo o de protección. El propósito del estudio fue determinar la relación de la autoeficacia y el consumo de alcohol en mujeres adolescentes, a través un estudio descriptivo correlacional en 276 mujeres adolescentes estudiantes de preparatoria. Se identificó que el 57.6% de las adolescentes han consumido alcohol alguna vez en la vida, iniciando aproximadamente su consumo a los 14.36 años. Sobresalieron los beneficios de la autoeficacia, destacando que las adolescentes consideran que pueden resolver problemas difíciles si se esfuerzan lo suficiente y persistir en lo que se han propuesto hasta llegar a alcanzar sus metas gracias a sus cualidades, además de poder superar situaciones imprevistas. Se identificó una relación negativa y significativa de la autoeficacia general y el consumo de alcohol de acuerdo al AUDIT (rs= -0.387, p= 0.001). Los resultados muestran la magnitud del consumo de alcohol en las adolescentes, así como la relación de