Mandibular ascending branch and condyle reconstruction in adolescence by a costochondral rib graft with an observation period over 8 years

Introduction: The need to resect and reconstruct the condylar process of the mandible in a teenager is rare. Reconstruction strategy must be accurately assessed in terms of donor side morbidity, postoperative risks (ankylosis) and the possibility of sufficient development in a growing patient. Observation: A 14-year-old boy presented with the radiographic finding of a large cystic lesion of the right condylar process. There were no clinical symptoms as pain, a limitation of mouth opening or malocclusion. Pathohistological examination confirmed a solitary bony cyst. The resected ascending jaw and condylar process was reconstructed by a costochondral rib graft. Commentaries: Over 8 years the development of the reconstructed ascending jaw and condyle was observed. There was an undisturbed growth. The cartilaginous part of the costochondral graft remodeled to a sufficient condylar process without ankylosis, resorption or overgrowth. Conclusion: The reconstruction of the growing mandible and condylar process in an adolescent is a challenge. Observation over 8 years showed a sufficient reconstruction. Intraoperative the chondral portion of the graft has to be handled carefully to avoid a separating from the bony part. The growth potential of the costochondral rib transplant allows a functional reconstruction without substantial donor side morbidity in adolescent patients.