Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Foodborne Pathogens Isolated from Dairy Cattle and Poultry Manure Amended Farms in Northeastern Ohio, the United States

Foodborne pathogens significantly impact public health globally. Excessive antimicrobial use plays a significant role in the development of the public health crisis of antibiotic resistance. Here, we determined the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles of O157, , , and isolated between 2016 and 2020 from small scale agricultural settings that were amended with dairy cattle or poultry manure in Northeastern Ohio. The total prevalence of the foodborne pathogens was 19.3%: 8%, 7.9%, O157 1.8%, and 1.5%. The prevalence was significantly higher in dairy cattle (87.7%) compared to poultry (12.2%) manure amended farms. Furthermore, the prevalence was higher in manure samples (84%) compared to soil samples (15.9%; < 0.05). Multiple drug resistance was observed in 73%, 77%, 100%, and 57.3% of O157, , and isolates recovered, respectively. The most frequently observed resistance genes were , and in O157; , and in ; , , , and in and , and in . Our results highlight the critical need to address the dissemination of foodborne pathogens and antibiotic resistance in agricultural settings.