Assessing the carbon emission in concrete production in Ready-Mix Concrete (RMC) Plants

Sustainability represents a critical challenge in the construction industry as it is the major contributor to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with over 40% of the world’s energy-related CO2 emissions originating from the construction and operation of buildings. This research aims to assess the carbon emissions associated with concrete production in Ready-Mix Concrete (RMC) plants by analyzing type and production specifics, focusing on energy consumption and the types of energy utilized for production. A literature review was conducted to delineate CO2 emitted during concrete production. A total of 13 RMC Plants from the Bangalore region is selected as case studies, and their operational emissions are determined. The study’s results illustrate that concrete production was high in March, April, and May compared to other months in the year. It is observed that plants older than 10 years have higher carbon emissions per cubic meter than newer plants. Also, the plants 100% dependent on electricity as an energy source have a higher carbon emission per cubic meter of concrete produced.