Incidence of epigeal nest-building termites in Brachiaria pastures in the Cerrado/Incidencia de termitas de ninhos epigeos em pastagens de Brachiaria no Cerrado
This study aimed to determine the number of termite epigeal nests and estimate the soil turning capacity of termites in cultivated pasture environments and in a native vegetation area. Surveys were conducted in four areas: three pasture areas and a Cerrado area, measuring 5 ha each. For each nest, t...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Acta scientiarum. Agronomy 2011-01, Vol.33 (1), p.181-185 |
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Sprache: | eng ; spa |
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Zusammenfassung: | This study aimed to determine the number of termite epigeal nests and estimate the soil turning capacity of termites in cultivated pasture environments and in a native vegetation area. Surveys were conducted in four areas: three pasture areas and a Cerrado area, measuring 5 ha each. For each nest, the height, the perimeter and diameter at the base were measured. The volume of each mound was calculated. Turned soil was determined by randomly sampling 30 termite mounds in a pasture area for bulk density determinations. The mean number of termite mounds per ha was 408; the highest number of termite nests (672 per ha) was found in the 10-year-old pasture. In terms of termite mound density, there was no difference between the Cerrado, 3-year-old pasture, and 3-year-old intercropped pasture treatments. The total area occupied by termite nests ranged from 0.4 to 1.0%. The mean bulk density of the nest materials was 1.05 g [cm.sup.-3]. The total nests volume ranged from 4 to 11 [m.sup.3] [ha.sup.-1]. The total mass of the soil turned by the termites ranged from 3.4 to 13.4 ton. [ha.sup.-1]. Keywords: turned soil volume, termite, soil macrofauna. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar o nUmero de ninhos epigeos e estimar a capacidade de revolvimento do solo pelos termitas em ambientes de pastagens cultivadas e uma area nativa de Cerrado. Foram feitos levantamentos em quatro areas, sendo tres de pastagem e uma de Cerrado com 5 ha cada. Para cada ninho, foram mensurados a altura, o perimetro basal e diametro na base. Foi calculado o volume de cada monticulo. Para determinar a densidade do solo mobilizado foi feita amostragem ao acaso em ninhos epigeos numa area de pastagem. O nUmero medio de ninhos epigeos por ha foi de 408, o maior nUmero de cupinzeiros esta na pastagem dez anos (672 ninhos). Em termos de densidade media de ninhos epigeos nao houve diferenca entre os tratamentos: Cerrado, pastagem tres anos e pastagem consorciada tres anos. A area total ocupada pelos ninhos epigeos variou de 0,4 a 1 %. A densidade do solo mobilizado pelos termitas foi de 1,05 g [cm.sup.-3]. O volume total de solo mobilizado variou de 4 a 11 [m.sup.3] [ha.sup.-1]. A massa total de solo mobilizado pelos termitas foi de 3,4 to 13,4 t [ha.sup.-1]. Palavras-chave: volume de solo mobilizado, cupim, macrofauna do solo. |
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ISSN: | 1679-9275 1807-8621 |
DOI: | 10.4025/actasciagron.v33i1.7075 |