A distributed network‐based economic model predictive control for networked smart energy systems considering communication network constraints

Generally, the modern networked energy systems are constructed from some coupled sub‐systems interconnected via their states and share their information through a communication network featuring time delays. This article suggests an efficient multi‐agent based cooperative‐distributed networked economic model predictive control scheme for energy consumption optimisation and reducing the cost of consumed electricity in network‐based smart energy systems considering communication network delays. In this regard, a buffer‐based moving horizon strategy with estimator is suggested to estimate the own states of every sub‐system and the coupled states, that is, the states in which their information exchange among sub‐systems and their values are not accessible due to communication time delays. Moreover, the boundedness of the estimation error as well as the stability of the closed‐loop system are established. The usability and proficiency of the suggested scheme are proved by applying the developed approach on two case studies.