Adhesion to pulp chamber dentin: Effect of ethanol-wet bonding technique and proanthocyanidins application

Aim: To evaluate the microleakage of a simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive bonded to pulp chamber dentin with water-wet bonding (WWB) or ethanol-wet bonding (EWB) with and without proanthocyanidins (PA) application. Materials and Methods: Total 88 non-carious extracted human molar teeth were sectioned horizontally to expose the pulp chambers 1.5 mm coronal to the cemento-enamel junction. After the pulp tissue extirpation, canal orifices were enlarged and the root ends were sealed. The samples were randomly divided equally into following four groups according to the four bonding techniques performed using Adper Single Bond 2 [SB] adhesive (1) WWB; (2) EWB; (3) WWB and PA application [WWB + PA]; (4) EWB and PA application [EWB + PA]. Composite resin restorations were performed in all the pulp chambers. Total 20 samples from each group were subjected to microleakage evaluation, and two samples per group were assessed under scanning electron microscope for interfacial micromorphology. Results: The least microleakage score was observed in group 2 (EWB) with similar results seen in group 4 (EWB + PA) (P = 0.918). Group 2 (EWB) showed significantly less microleakage than group 1 (WWB; P = 0.002) and group 3 (WWB + PA; P = 0.009). Group 4 (EWB + PA) also depicted significantly reduced microleakage as compared with group 1 (WWB; P = 0.001) and group 3 (WWB + PA; P = 0.003). Conclusion: The use of EWB technique in a clinically relevant simplified dehydration protocol significantly reduced microleakage in simplified etch-and-rinse adhesive, Adper Single Bond 2, bonded to pulp chamber dentin. Application of PA had no significant effect on the microleakage of the adhesive bonded with either WWB or EWB.