SIGNIFICANCE OF THE VARIETY IN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES OF RICE PRODUCTION

The problem of saline soils is of great importance among unfavourable environmental factors which negatively influence upon cultivation of crops. The excess of water-soluble salts causes thinning of seedlings, hinders growth and development of plants and dramatically reduces productivity. Flooding technology of rice growing promotes leaching of salt ions below a rooting layer and they flow into water inlets and outside a rice irrigation system that allows using an enormous amount of saline soils which can’t be used for upland crops. But cultivation of rice in such environmental conditions reduces productivity and deteriorates quality of the product. Thus, it’s mostly important to develop varieties with high tolerance to salt stresses. Cultivating new varieties it’s necessary to combine potential productivity and quality of product with environmental adaptability. The success of the work mostly depends upon the knowledge about inheritance and variability of selectable traits, interactions of genotype and environment, a principle of pair choice, methods of stepwise assessment of primary material on productivity, quality and tolerance to abiotic factors of environment.