Impact of lifestyle factors on oral cancer risk and prevention: Oral cancer epidemiology

The world is facing a major health problem represented by oral cancer, which poses a lot of problems mainly in India where it is the third highest prevalent cancer and predominately affects men. According to the latest information, there was a high number of these cases in different countries most of whom died. It explains comprehensive endeavours for cancer prevention, including lifestyle interventions, early detection, and modern therapies. The causation complexity of cancer demands a profound understanding of the population dynamics, in which socioeconomic and demographic factors play an important role. Epidemiological transition theory is a rational tool that makes it possible to understand contemporary public health issues. Nutrients represent, among other factors, oral cancer risk, which is demonstrated in epidemiology data by the protective effects of fruits and vegetables and the possible risks of high-meat diets. The difficulties in organising observational studies, systemic cancer metabolism research and novel therapeutic methods highlight the importance of individualized treatment and multidisciplinary approaches. Early detection through regular monitoring and high levels of awareness is stressed as an effective measure that can be used for improving results from treatment and reducing mortality rates. Confronting problems in a clinical setting as scientific research is directed toward comprehending the mechanisms of cancer metabolism and immune evasion, is very important for coming up with preventive and treatment strategies. In the effort to step down this global oral cancer scourge and boost the patients’ prospects, collaboration and research studies must be ongoing. •Tobacco and alcohol - both of which are significant contributors to developing oral cancer.•Eating properly, little production of fruits and vegetables, leads to higher risk.•HPV infection and improper hygienic routines contribute too.•Regulating dental check-ups is an important factor for the early detection of oral health disorders.•Lifestyle adaptions like stop smoking is an example of changes, that can dramatically lower the risk.