DRENAJE GRAVITACIONAL ASISTIDO CON VAPOR, SAGD, APLICADO A YACIMIENTOS DE CRUDOS PESADOS

Worldwide, new techniques to implement Enhanced Oil Recovery in heavy oil reservoirs have been studying, since as most of the global reserves are of this type of hydrocarbon. The Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) is a cutting age EOR method that have been applied in bitumen reservoirs gaining successful results, obtaining recovery factors up to 50%. The technique involves two horizontal wells, the first one located a few feet above the second one depending on the viscosity of the crude oil; by the upper well, the continuous vapor injection is made an for density differences this vapor tents to expand to the top of the formation heating the hydrocarbons which then, by gravity come down in the reservoir to be produce, with the condensed vapor, through the second horizontal well. The production mechanism evidenced in this technique is the gravity drainage because in its implementation, applied to bitumen, only the heated hydrocarbons will flow through the producer well by the effect of the gravity therefore a connectivity between the two wells must be necessary. However, in the majority of heavy oil reservoirs the crude have mobility i.e. the viscosity is not to high (