Brachial plexus variations in its formation and main branches

PURPOSE: The brachial plexus has a complex anatomical structure since its origin in the neck throughout its course in the axillary region. It also has close relationship to important anatomic structures what makes it an easy target of a sort of variations and provides its clinical and surgical impor...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Acta cirúrgica brasileira 2003, Vol.18 (suppl 5), p.14-18
Hauptverfasser: Fazan, Valéria Paula Sassoli, Amadeu, André de Souza, Caleffi, Adilson L., Rodrigues Filho, Omar Andrade
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:PURPOSE: The brachial plexus has a complex anatomical structure since its origin in the neck throughout its course in the axillary region. It also has close relationship to important anatomic structures what makes it an easy target of a sort of variations and provides its clinical and surgical importance. The aims of the present study were to describe the brachial plexus anatomical variations in origin and respective branches, and to correlate these variations with sex, color of the subjects and side of the body. METHODS: Twenty-seven adult cadavers separated into sex and color had their brachial plexuses evaluated on the right and left sides. RESULTS: Our results are extensive and describe a large number of variations, including some that have not been reported in the literature. Our results showed that the phrenic nerve had a complete origin from the plexus in 20% of the cases. In this way, a lesion of the brachial plexus roots could result in diaphragm palsy. It is not usual that the long thoracic nerve pierces the scalenus medius muscle but it occurred in 63% of our cases. Another observation was that the posterior cord was formed by the posterior divisions of the superior and middle trunks in 9%. In these cases, the axillary and the radial nerves may not receive fibers from C7 and C8, as usually described. CONCLUSION: Finally, the plexuses studied did not show that sex, color or side of the body had much if any influence upon the presence of variations. OBJETIVOS: O plexo braquial apresenta uma estrutura anatômica complexa, desde sua origem, no pescoço, até sua ramificação terminal, na região axilar. Ele também apresenta relações importantes com outras estruturas anatômicas locais, o que o torna vulnerável ao aparecimento de uma série de variações anatômicas, marcando sua importância clínica e cirúrgica. Os objetivos desse estudo foram de descrever as variações anatômicas do plexo braquial, desde sua origem até seus ramos terminais e correlacionar essas variações com o sexo e a cor dos indivíduos, bem como com o lado do corpo estudado. MÉTODOS: Vinte e sete cadáveres adultos, separados em sexo e cor, tiveram seus plexos braquiais avaliados à direita e à esquerda. RESULTADOS: Nossos resultados são extensos e descrevem um grande número de variações, incluindo algumas ainda não descritas na literatura. Nossos resultados mostram que o nervo frênico apresentou sua origem diretamente no plexo braquial em 20% dos casos. Assim, uma lesão das raízes do plexo b
ISSN:0102-8650
0102-8650
1678-2674
DOI:10.1590/S0102-86502003001200006