Improvement of inclined anchors pullout capacity in geogrid-reinforced sand

A three-dimensional numerical analysis of inclined anchors embedded in unreinforced and geogrid-reinforced sand is presented in this paper. The pullout forces and breakout factors are compared for the unreinforced and reinforced cases. The pullout capacity increased when placed below a layer of geogrid reinforcement. The influence of several other parameters, such as geogrid stiffness, inclination angle, soil friction angle, and embedment ratio, are investigated and reported in this study. Finally, a comparison between pile and anchor foundation is shown for a transmission tower subjected to lateral wind force.