Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor of the Scalp: A Case Report

Background: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are uncommon tumors typically originating from somatic soft tissues or peripheral nerves. Instances of primary MPNSTs on the scalp are exceedingly rare. Our objective is to present a unique case of MPNST on the scalp and conduct a literature review to outline the clinical presentation and management approaches for individuals diagnosed with MPNSTs. Case Presentation: A 40-year-old male was referred to the neurosurgery clinic, complaining of rapid mass growth on the left side of his head. The mass was told to overgrow within 5 months before visiting the neurosurgeon. The mass was solid and mobile on physical examination, with a distinct margin suggesting a benign tumor based on the examination. On the head CT scan, the tumor was found isodense in the right occipital area with no skull involvement. We completely removed the tumor, which was solid and had a distinct margin; therefore, tumor dissection was performed without any problems: No bone involvement was observed intraoperatively. The histopathology results revealed an MPNST. Conclusion: Although rare, it is important to consider an MPNST as a potential pathological diagnosis for rapidly growing tumors located on the scalp.