Construction and Validation of Simulated Basic Life Support Scenarios in Primary Care

In Primary Care, the practice and mastery of Basic Life Support are indispensable in responding to urgencies and emergencies. This study aimed to build and validate two simulated Basic Life Support (BLS) clinical scenarios of medium fidelity in the context of Primary Care. This was a descriptive study for the construction and validation of the content. The scenarios were elaborated following seven criteria: prior knowledge of the student; learning objectives; theoretical foundation of the activity; preparation of the scenario; development of the scenario; debriefing; and evaluation. The following scenarios were constructed: Cardiorespiratory arrest in adult patients in Primary Care and Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction in adult patients in Primary Care. To validate them, medical experts or nurses with experience in clinical simulations and BLS, and possessing at least a master's degree, were selected to judge according to the Content Validation Index (CVI). Most of the judges were between 35 and 45 years old, comprised of nurses, with teaching experience in the area of simulations and BLS. The scenarios obtained, in all items, a CVI between 85.7% and 100%. The construction and validation of clinical simulation scenarios emphasizing BLS and Primary Care, based on criteria previously addressed in the literature, bring greater reliability to the scenarios themselves. In addition, they allow the possibility of its reapplication by other professionals, aids, teachers, or scholars who develop activities in the clinical simulation area, thus, saving time with construction which would be based on a pre-established and validated scenario model.