Elucidating the role of silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide nanoparticles in mitigating the disease of the eggplant caused by Phomopsis vexans, Ralstonia solanacearum, and root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita

Nanoparticles (NPs) have a critical function in mitigating the disease of fruits and vegetables. In the present investigation, the effects of three levels of concentrations (0.05, 0.10, and 0.20 mg/mL) of titanium dioxide NPs (TiO -NPs) and silicon dioxide NPs (SiO -NPs) were investigated against fungus , bacterium , and (root-knot nematode). The present investigation’s findings found that the application of SiO -NPs was more efficient against test pathogens in comparison to TiO -NPs. The best result produced by SiO -NPs against pathogenic strain was used in the molecular docking investigation with the protein of to better understand the interaction of active amino acids with SiO -NPs. The obtained results revealed that the administration of 0.20 mg/mL foliar spray of SiO -NPs in plants with improves up to 37.92% of shoot dry weight and increases 70.42% of chlorophyll content. growth was suppressed by 41.2% with 0.62 mm of inhibition zone when SiO -NPs were given at a dosage of 0.20 mg/mL. The reductions in egg hatching and (J ) mortality were greater in SiO -NPs than in TiO -NPs. The results of scanning electron microscopy confirmed that the application of both NPs harmed test pathogens. The confocal study also showed the penetration of NPs among test pathogens.