Evaluation of ESBL Frequency in Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Clinical Specimens in an AJA Hospital in Tehran

Background: Antibiotic resistance among bacteria has been one of the health problems in the world since the past. A type of resistance is due to the production of enzymes called beta-lactamases which is cause resistance to beta-lactam drugs and led to the emergence of new types of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs). Due to the importance of ESBL producing strain in uncontrolled hospital infections, the present study was Designed for evaluation of ESBL frequency in isolated Enterobacteriaceae from clinical specimens in an AJA hospital in Tehran. Methods: In this study, 100 clinical specimens collected from AJA. All specimens were identified by standard bacteriological and biochemical methods and antimicrobial susceptibility test was performed using disc diffusion method. Production of broad-spectrum beta-lactamase enzymes was evaluated using a mixed disk method with cefotaxime and ceftazidime antibiotics with clavulanic acid or alone. Results were interpreted according to CLSI guidelines. Results: From 100 specimen, 75 isolates (75%) were confirmed as an Enterobacteriaceae family. Most sensitivities observed in Imipenem (97.33%), Meropenem (94.66%), Piperacillin (68%), and Gentamicin (64%). Overall 42.66% of isolates produced ESBLs. Conclusion: According to the results, broad-spectrum beta-lactamase production in isolated bacteria from a clinical specimen of AJA hospital was high and 42.66% of isolates produced ESBLs. Due to the high resistance of these strains to most common antibiotics, identification of these pathogens, applying control methods in relation to the production and release of this type of bacteria and the correct use of antibiotics should be put on the agenda.